A Small Cysteine-Rich Protein from the Asian Soybean Rust Fungus, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Suppresses Plant Immunity.
Identifieur interne : 000086 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000085; suivant : 000087A Small Cysteine-Rich Protein from the Asian Soybean Rust Fungus, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Suppresses Plant Immunity.
Auteurs : Mingsheng Qi [États-Unis] ; Tobias I. Link [Allemagne] ; Manuel Müller [Allemagne] ; Daniela Hirschburger [Allemagne] ; Ramesh N. Pudake [Inde] ; Kerry F. Pedley [États-Unis] ; Edward Braun [États-Unis] ; Ralf T. Voegele [Allemagne] ; Thomas J. Baum [États-Unis] ; Steven A. Whitham [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS pathogens [ 1553-7374 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
The Asian soybean rust fungus, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is an obligate biotrophic pathogen causing severe soybean disease epidemics. Molecular mechanisms by which P. pachyrhizi and other rust fungi interact with their host plants are poorly understood. The genomes of all rust fungi encode many small, secreted cysteine-rich proteins (SSCRP). While these proteins are thought to function within the host, their roles are completely unknown. Here, we present the characterization of P. pachyrhizi effector candidate 23 (PpEC23), a SSCRP that we show to suppress plant immunity. Furthermore, we show that PpEC23 interacts with soybean transcription factor GmSPL12l and that soybean plants in which GmSPL12l is silenced have constitutively active immunity, thereby identifying GmSPL12l as a negative regulator of soybean defenses. Collectively, our data present evidence for a virulence function of a rust SSCRP and suggest that PpEC23 is able to suppress soybean immune responses and physically interact with soybean transcription factor GmSPL12l, a negative immune regulator.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005827
PubMed: 27676173
PubMed Central: PMC5038961
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Inde, États-Unis
- Bade-Wurtemberg, District de Stuttgart, Iowa, Maryland
- Ames (Iowa), Stuttgart
- Université d'État de l'Iowa
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Link</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Stuttgart</region><settlement type="city">Stuttgart</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Manuel" sort="Muller, Manuel" uniqKey="Muller M" first="Manuel" last="Müller">Manuel Müller</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Stuttgart</region><settlement type="city">Stuttgart</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirschburger, Daniela" sort="Hirschburger, Daniela" uniqKey="Hirschburger D" first="Daniela" last="Hirschburger">Daniela Hirschburger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Stuttgart</region><settlement type="city">Stuttgart</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pudake, Ramesh N" sort="Pudake, Ramesh N" uniqKey="Pudake R" first="Ramesh N" last="Pudake">Ramesh N. Pudake</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Noida</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pedley, Kerry F" sort="Pedley, Kerry F" uniqKey="Pedley K" first="Kerry F" last="Pedley">Kerry F. Pedley</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ft. Detrick, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Braun, Edward" sort="Braun, Edward" uniqKey="Braun E" first="Edward" last="Braun">Edward Braun</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Iowa</region><settlement type="city">Ames (Iowa)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'État de l'Iowa</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Voegele, Ralf T" sort="Voegele, Ralf T" uniqKey="Voegele R" first="Ralf T" last="Voegele">Ralf T. Voegele</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Stuttgart</region><settlement type="city">Stuttgart</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baum, Thomas J" sort="Baum, Thomas J" uniqKey="Baum T" first="Thomas J" last="Baum">Thomas J. Baum</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Iowa</region><settlement type="city">Ames (Iowa)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'État de l'Iowa</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Whitham, Steven A" sort="Whitham, Steven A" uniqKey="Whitham S" first="Steven A" last="Whitham">Steven A. Whitham</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Iowa</region><settlement type="city">Ames (Iowa)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'État de l'Iowa</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS pathogens</title><idno type="eISSN">1553-7374</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The Asian soybean rust fungus, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is an obligate biotrophic pathogen causing severe soybean disease epidemics. Molecular mechanisms by which P. pachyrhizi and other rust fungi interact with their host plants are poorly understood. The genomes of all rust fungi encode many small, secreted cysteine-rich proteins (SSCRP). While these proteins are thought to function within the host, their roles are completely unknown. Here, we present the characterization of P. pachyrhizi effector candidate 23 (PpEC23), a SSCRP that we show to suppress plant immunity. Furthermore, we show that PpEC23 interacts with soybean transcription factor GmSPL12l and that soybean plants in which GmSPL12l is silenced have constitutively active immunity, thereby identifying GmSPL12l as a negative regulator of soybean defenses. Collectively, our data present evidence for a virulence function of a rust SSCRP and suggest that PpEC23 is able to suppress soybean immune responses and physically interact with soybean transcription factor GmSPL12l, a negative immune regulator.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27676173</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1553-7374</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>12</Volume><Issue>9</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Sep</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>PLoS pathogens</Title><ISOAbbreviation>PLoS Pathog</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>A Small Cysteine-Rich Protein from the Asian Soybean Rust Fungus, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Suppresses Plant Immunity.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e1005827</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.ppat.1005827</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The Asian soybean rust fungus, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is an obligate biotrophic pathogen causing severe soybean disease epidemics. Molecular mechanisms by which P. pachyrhizi and other rust fungi interact with their host plants are poorly understood. The genomes of all rust fungi encode many small, secreted cysteine-rich proteins (SSCRP). While these proteins are thought to function within the host, their roles are completely unknown. Here, we present the characterization of P. pachyrhizi effector candidate 23 (PpEC23), a SSCRP that we show to suppress plant immunity. Furthermore, we show that PpEC23 interacts with soybean transcription factor GmSPL12l and that soybean plants in which GmSPL12l is silenced have constitutively active immunity, thereby identifying GmSPL12l as a negative regulator of soybean defenses. Collectively, our data present evidence for a virulence function of a rust SSCRP and suggest that PpEC23 is able to suppress soybean immune responses and physically interact with soybean transcription factor GmSPL12l, a negative immune regulator.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Qi</LastName><ForeName>Mingsheng</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Link</LastName><ForeName>Tobias I</ForeName><Initials>TI</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Müller</LastName><ForeName>Manuel</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hirschburger</LastName><ForeName>Daniela</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pudake</LastName><ForeName>Ramesh N</ForeName><Initials>RN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pedley</LastName><ForeName>Kerry F</ForeName><Initials>KF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Braun</LastName><ForeName>Edward</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Voegele</LastName><ForeName>Ralf T</ForeName><Initials>RT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Phytomedizin, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Baum</LastName><ForeName>Thomas J</ForeName><Initials>TJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Whitham</LastName><ForeName>Steven A</ForeName><Initials>SA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3542-3188</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>PLoS Pathog</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101238921</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1553-7366</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CoiStatement>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>19</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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IdType="pubmed">24715894</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Inde</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li><li>District de Stuttgart</li><li>Iowa</li><li>Maryland</li></region><settlement><li>Ames (Iowa)</li><li>Stuttgart</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'État de l'Iowa</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Iowa"><name sortKey="Qi, Mingsheng" sort="Qi, Mingsheng" uniqKey="Qi M" first="Mingsheng" last="Qi">Mingsheng Qi</name></region><name sortKey="Baum, Thomas J" sort="Baum, Thomas J" uniqKey="Baum T" first="Thomas J" last="Baum">Thomas J. Baum</name><name sortKey="Braun, Edward" sort="Braun, Edward" uniqKey="Braun E" first="Edward" last="Braun">Edward Braun</name><name sortKey="Pedley, Kerry F" sort="Pedley, Kerry F" uniqKey="Pedley K" first="Kerry F" last="Pedley">Kerry F. Pedley</name><name sortKey="Whitham, Steven A" sort="Whitham, Steven A" uniqKey="Whitham S" first="Steven A" last="Whitham">Steven A. Whitham</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bade-Wurtemberg"><name sortKey="Link, Tobias I" sort="Link, Tobias I" uniqKey="Link T" first="Tobias I" last="Link">Tobias I. Link</name></region><name sortKey="Hirschburger, Daniela" sort="Hirschburger, Daniela" uniqKey="Hirschburger D" first="Daniela" last="Hirschburger">Daniela Hirschburger</name><name sortKey="Muller, Manuel" sort="Muller, Manuel" uniqKey="Muller M" first="Manuel" last="Müller">Manuel Müller</name><name sortKey="Voegele, Ralf T" sort="Voegele, Ralf T" uniqKey="Voegele R" first="Ralf T" last="Voegele">Ralf T. Voegele</name></country><country name="Inde"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pudake, Ramesh N" sort="Pudake, Ramesh N" uniqKey="Pudake R" first="Ramesh N" last="Pudake">Ramesh N. Pudake</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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